In dogs, the most common cause of hemolytic anemia is immune mediated. This type of anemia can occur on its own or as a result of tumors, infection, drugs, or vaccinations. The body no longer recognizes red blood cells as self and develops antibodies to circulating red blood cells, leading to their destruction. Canine cancer is the most common cause of secondary anemia in dogs. Cancer may even lead to bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract of from a tumor. Other causes of anemia are typically broken down into diseases that cause blood loss, those diseases that cause the red blood cells to break down or destruct (hemolysis), and diseases that. Canine autoimmune hemolytic anemia is the most common cause of hemolytic anemia in dogs and, as indicated in the name, is an autoimmune disease. Read this post to learn more about the symptoms, causes and treatment of this canine disease.